Automated Power Pole Photography via Helicopters

Automated Power Pole Photography via HelicoptersFugro Roames aims to automate the process of acquiring high resolution pictures, to fell the risk and cost associated with whirlybird based retinal rod top inspection. The take c are leave alone strain on acquiring precedingly cut backed algorithmic rules, as well as the introduction of model predictive keep in line, to automate the overall process, while also holding a working ikon to simulate the operation of the intended product.The fol humbleding proffer will aim to describe the intended topic and scope, while also reviewing background tuition on aired plus management and autonomous windy photography cogitate to the project. The report will also highlight all achievable milestones, and their respective tasks, within the project plan as well as present a tiny OHS risk assessment of the projects realistic and non-practical work.The work spotless during the semester, will hope to provide sufficient groundwork for a utomated aery asset management procedures, within the galvanical dispersion industry.Accurate and effective asset condition management is important to ensure the longevity of an electric distribution network, while maximising its performance and operational energy.1 At present, an efficient and cost effective method to test the integrity of a network, removes the engagement of a human-piloted helicopter and a photographer to capture high resolution images of power poles and their sub brokers 2. Fugro-Roames, a comp each which currently provides this to its customers, aims to reduce the risk and cost associated with helicopter based pole top inspection, by replacing the photographer with an automated photographic camera gimbal to capture high resolution pictures of the network.Figure 1.1 Power Pole Photography 1Automated aerial asset management in the context of this proposal refers to the purpose of aerial platforms, to asses specific assets in an easy and cost-efficient ma nner, without the need of manual involvement. Unfortunately, and as it will be discussed in Chapter 3, the project topic is a form of technology that has non been widely researched however, various methods of aerial asset management, such as helicopters, UAVs or drones, do exist and argon currently in use within the industry.2.1 Project OutlineIt is the target of this project to develop a fadeout skyline deviser (RHP) in say to automate power pole photography using camera gimbal system. The RHP will based on the algorithms created by Dr. Michael Kearney, which provide a solution to the photograph feasibility, photograph plan, and gimbal trajectory planning problems 3. For validation, the developed contriver will be tested using simulation flight data provided by Fugro-Roames. Further interrogatory will embroil the implementation of the RHP into a gimbal prototype, where sensitivity analyses and assessment of the initial assumptions will be completed to determine the project s limitations and outline recommendations for in store(predicate) work. A more defined project plan will be described in Chapter 4 below.2.2 Motivation for Automated Aerial Asset precautionIn order to overcome the limitations associated with courtly asset management methods, a high resolution image capture system was developed and is now utilize to aid in the inspection, assessment and maintenance of electric distribution networks 4. However, the overall cost associated with this method, outweights its improved efficiency, as it involves specialized labour (photographers) and the use of helicopters to complete the needful task 5. The motivation to introduce an automated aerial asset management system, requires for the reduction of risks and overall cost associated with the current model, as well as alter the quality and selection of photographs taken.2.3 Project Aim, Objectives Intended ScopeSince the project, and all information available, are sponsored and provided by Fugro Roames, the aims and objectives have been defined by the companys desires for the finished product. Therefore, the aim and proposed purpose of the project is to reduce the cost and risk associated with helicopter based pole top inspection, with the use of a fadeout Horizon deviser (RHP) that automates the carryment and train of a camera gimbal system. Along with the proposed project aim, multiple objectives must also be met whilts completing the work required. These include improving the algorithms created by Dr. Kearney, obtaining accurate efficiency gains for the RHP, designing and work outing a working gimbal prototype to be use for examination, and providing sufficient ground work for actual on-site testing and implementation, with the use of a helicopter, of the RHP beyond the project. Similar to the projects aim and objectives, the intended scope has also been shaped by the companys desires for the final exam product. Therefore, the scope can be outlined as revaluation of background information and associate workAdaptation of algorithms created by Dr. KearneyDevelopment of Receding Horizon PlannerDesign and build of a gimbal prototypePlanner implementation and testingAnalysis of endpointsSensitivity analysisAssesment of projects assumptionsEvaluation of project and suggestion for future workPossible gimbal rig implementation and on-site testingTaking into account the scope described above, it seems logical to break the project into three specific sections planner development and testing, prototype design and testing, and thorough result analysis. The development and testing of the Receding Horizon Planner involves the improvement of existing control algorithms, to implement and verify its overall efficiency, using available and provided data. The design and testing of the gimbal prototype, which should resemble the actual gimbal rig, involves the use of the developed Receding Horizon Planner to validate and improve previously obtained results. F inally, thorough result analysis requires the breakdown of the planner and obtained results, to find how assumptions, parameters and particular components were affetcted.Although automated aerial asset management is a form of technology that has non been widely researched, the following chapter will provide a complete review of background literature which would closely resemble the general subject matter. The review will be broken into two sections aerial asset management, and autonomous aerial photography and gimbal control. Previous work related to these topics will be presented, reiterated and reviewed, focusing on sources related to asset management within the electric power distribution industry.3.1 Aerial Asset ManagementAerial asset management , within the electric power distribution industry, has been implemented to replace conventional asset management and inspection methods, and provide a fast and accurate way to determine any defects that could be present.Whitworth et al . 6, in a work sponsored by EA Tecnology, propose the use of a helicopter-mounted camera to capture and store visual information, in order to enhance the inspection of overhead power lines. In order to reduce camera shake and partially automate the inspection process, the authors recommend the use of an acquisition system, which finds and locks the camera to the location of the powerline, followed by a recursive algorithm that tracks the powerline smoothly, despite the translation of the helicopter.Similarly, Earp et al. 14 describe an aerial inspection technique, which was also developed by EA Technology, that uses high resoluion images to perform a detailed condition assessment on electrical towers within a distribution network. The authors break down the helicopter based condition assessment, which is considered an improvement from the video inspection method in 6, to include four different partsPre-flight Planning Inspection requirements, photographic sequences, camera trajector ies as well as current wind and weather conditions, natural and synthetic ground feature, and the locations of the electrical towers, are all taken into account during the pre-flight planning.Helicopter Inspection and Picture Acquisition A high resolution digital camera is utilise to take a set number of images, per tower, to meet the inspection requirements. Satellite-based Global lay System (GPS) and moving map displays are used to georeference severally photograph taken, back to the tower.Image Processing, Analysis and Condition Assessment Captured images are examined and given a Condition Rating (CR), typically on a casing of 1 to 4 (1 describing best condition, 4 describing worst condition). The uniformity of the assessment, determined by the individual DNOs requirements, is ensured by this critical step and thusly requires for a detailed condition assessment criteria, application-specific workstations, and accurate in-house training programme for assessors.Condition Based Risk Management (CBRM) A process developed by EA Technology, it combines practical and suppositional knowledge about a specific asset, on with maintenance experience, in order to define its current condition.Taking a different approach, N. Ellis 7 investigates the use of faze Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to inspect power transition lines. The author investigated the cost, risks and overall efficiency that comes with the use of UAVs, searching for low budget automation strategies to be designed and tested. Unfortunately, payable to government regulations and the high capital and operating cost of the UAV, lead the author to the conclusion that the technology is not feasible at the current time.As outlined by most of the sources presented, the introduction of aerial asset management techniques, has made a big improvement on the inspection, assessment and maintenance of an electrical distribution network. Whilst most models present techniques that far surpass conventional inspection met hods, the cost that comes with the involvement of specialized labour and helicopters, leaves little room for errors and inconsistent results. However, although the implementation of an UAV was not possible collectable to the introduction of new risks, the automation techniques, presented in 7, can be applied to previously discussed aerial photography techniques, and mitigate/remove any currently involved risks.3.2 Autonomous Aerial Photography and Gimbal ControlAutonomous aerial photography and control, within the electric power distribution industry, is not a topic that has been widely researched or implemented. However, the use of a camera and aerial images to predict and control the movement of UAVs is something that is commsolely discussed and will therefore, be the main focus for this section.E. Skjong et al. 8 investigate the recent commercial availability of UAVs within Search and Rescue (SAR) and Search and Tracking (sit) applications. The authors then focus on the developm ent of a SAT system, which is able to steer the UAV and focus the gimbal attitude on regions and objects of interest respectively, with the use of Model Predictive Control (MPC). The overall process is made autonomous by allowing computer vision to work directly with the UAV autopilot and MPC, so objects can be simultaneously detected and tracked in an efficient manner.Similarly, C.E. Lin and S. Yang 9 explore the use of UAVs to detect and track specific objects, with the help of aerial photography and camera gimbal control. The authors implement the use of an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), which consist of a gyroscope, accelerometer, and magnetometer, along with an Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS), to determine and ensure that the angles of the camera gimbal are in the correct reference frame. Both 8 and 9 use Global Positioning System (GPS) to determine the location of both the UAV and the target, using this relationship to implement a reliable autopilot flight contr ol for target detection and photography.R.J. Rajesh and C.M. Ananda 10 move away from controlling the camera gimbal, attached to a UAV, and focus on stabilizing its movement to ensure that clear photograph and/or video footage is taken. The use of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (pelvic inflammatory disease) controller is recommended by the authors, to compensate for the vibrations and gust, as well as control the position of the camera by stabilizing the movement of the gimbal. Manually tuning the controllers parameters is not recommended, as the process is considered time consuming and tedious, instead, the authors recommend the use of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) as the preferred algorithm to complete this task.dubiety and disturbances are mentioned, but not properly investigated in 9, 8 and 10. A. Ashok et al. 11 investigate the external disturbances that have-to doe with the UAVs, as well as the dynamic and parametric uncertainties that arise in the numeric autonomous m odel when subjected to a number of operating conditions. The authors reiterate previous approaches taken to design a robust control system, including the use of a PID controller for linear 12 and linearized 13 models, as well as the use of a Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller 14 in the presence of uncertainties, before the Uncertainty and Disturbance Estimation (UDE) method is chosen to synthesize the required controller.The control of a camera gimbal, as outlined by most of the sources above, is necessary in order to ensure the accuracy of photographs or video that is captured by the UAV. Although the use of conventional control methods is described above, only 8 focuses on the use of MPC, which is closely related to the project, to ensure that the UAV is able to detect and track objects efficiently and simultaneously.A clear formation of the projects tasks, has been outlined as a comprehensive project plan from the first-class honours degree to the final day of employmen t at Fugro-Roames. A visual representation and description of the plan is used to illustrate the timeline of the project, including all achievable milestones, which are related to the aims, objectives and intended scope of the project, discussed in section 1.2.4.1 Visual Representation of Project PlanThe use of a modified GANTT chart was implemented to showcase the proposed course of the project, from the first to the last day of employment. The timeline is hence separated into 24 workweeks that are broken into 5 days, in the same manner as the business week format, where the project milestones and their corresponding tasks are allocated a precise number of days in which work is scheduled to take place.Green solid bars represent the projects milestones, where red solid bars indicate their respective tasks. The progress of the overall project is tracked by the closure of every achievable milestone, which can only be completed by first completing their respective sub tasks. Complet ed milestones are shown with a blue line through the green bar, and completed tasks are shown with a yellow line through the red bar.Weeks 1 to 12, as shown in Figure 4.1, represent the core work to be completed, as milestones 3-5 directly relate to the aims, objectives and intended scope of the project. Weeks 13 to 22, as shown in Figure 4.2, outline the analysis and completion of the final physical compositions of assessment, including the thesis report and demonstration, which require the content from previous milestones to be completed. Weeks 23 to 24, also shown in Figure 3.2, outline a possible milestone that can be completed until the final day of employment at Fugro-Roames. This milestone does not pretend the previous pieces of assessment however, it will provide the company with important information that could prove decisive to the future of the project.4.2 milepost confinement Breakdown milestone 1 Project ScopeThe project scope is necessary to determine the projec ts main objectives, and will therefore guide the work to be completed throughout the semester. To ensure all expectations are met, and the appropriate time is given to all project milestones, an agreement surrounded by academic and industry supervisors is necessary.TaskIDDays DescriptionProject evaluation1.15Evaluate the requirements of the project, including potential goals and outcomes. Collect all necessary information to present during the supervisor conflux.Supervisor meeting1.21Meet with the projects academic and industry supervisors to discuss the project scope, and agree on the due dates for all pieces of assessment.Scope assay agreement1.32Compile a detailed scope which highlights the projects objectives, as discussed during the supervisor meeting.ResourcesWorkspace with an available computerAvailability from both supervisors to organize a meeting milestone Hazards and RisksMilestone 1 is essential to the project. Any delay could be considered a minor, but possible risk , as it affects the progress of the overall project. If this issue becomes bigger, and the project scope cannot be defined, then it can be classified as a major risk and mitigation strategies should be taken immediately.Clear talk between all parties involved, can reduce and remove the possibility of the identified risks from occurring.Milestone 2 Project ProposalThe project proposal is the first piece of assessment, which must be completed as part of the responsibilities for completing the project placement. The report highlights the work from Milestone 1, as it expands on the agreed aims and objectives, outlines the background information related to the projects main topics, and presents a visual and a clear representation of the project plan. A detailed OHS risk assessment, which analyses the potential risk involved with the projects practical work, and any potential equipment used, will also be included in the proposal.TaskIDDays DescriptionResearch of relevant material2.15 mys tify background information and prior art related to the projects main topic.Project outline and intended scope2.24Expand on the projects scope indomitable in Task 1, expanding on the projects aims and objectives.Background and related work2.33Summarize and expand on the material obtained from Task 2.1.Project plan compendious2.43Provide a detailed project plan, with logically ordered tasks and their respective milestones.OHS risk assessment2.52Compile an OHS risk assessment, which highlights the projects practical work and equipment used.Drafting and submission2.55Assemble the proposals individual sections, review the written report and submit viaTurnitin.Resources period of Milestone 1Confirmation of university assessment due datesOHS risk assessments, regarding the use and control of the gimbal rigMilestone Hazards and RisksThe project proposal relies mostly on individual and previously completed work, however, certain sections require resources which are not readily available. The most significant obstacles, which would require mitigation, are the confirmation of all university assessment due dates and the risk assessments completed for the gimbal rig, which might be used during the project.Clear and constant communication with the universitys course coordinator, as well as the personnel in charge of the gimbal rig, is essential to mitigate and prevent any issues that could affect the completion of the project proposal.Milestone 3 Receding Horizon PlannerMilestone 3 is the first milestone that uses the algorithms created by Dr. Kearney to develop an on-line planner that controls the photograph scheduling plan and the movement of the gimbal throughout the event horizon. The completed Receding Horizon Planner will involve the use of a low level controller, an upper level planner, and an event monitor, to be used in Milestones 47.TaskIDDays DescriptionAlgorithm testing and improvement3.15Improve the current photograph feasibility algorithm, and test its eff iciency.Model predictive control research3.25Find related material to be used when designing the Receding Horizon Controller.Lower level controller design implementation3.35The gimbal and camera are robustly controlled by the photograph scheduling algorithm chosen by the upper level planner.Upper level planner design implementation3.45Implemented the improved algorithm from Task 3.1 to generate a plan that the system will follow over a prediction horizon.Event monitor design implementation3.54 pertain the results from Tasks 3.3 and 3.4 so that the plan is implemented and changed after certain events occur.ResourcesProgramming and modelling softwareAccess to the projects repository and previous workMilestone Hazards and RisksThe progress of Milestone 3 could be significantly impact, if access to the necessary repositories and previous work is delayed. As previous algorithms are necessary to the development of the Receding Horizon Planner, the completion of the project would be si gnificantly impacted.Clear communication with the right personnel can help mitigate this issue before it affect the timeline and progress of the project.Milestone 4 Planner Analysis and ImprovementRigorous testing of the developed Receding Horizon Planner is required to find the necessary efficiency gains, so the planner can be implemented on the projects physical equipment. Data obtained from Fugro Roames, as well as the analysis and reiteration of the testing completed, will be completed to improve the plunge controller gains.TaskIDDays DescriptionTest current and newscenarios4.14Implement the Receding Horizon Planner on several simulated scenarios, using data received from Fugro Roames.Reiteration of Receding Horizon Planner testing4.23Fix any errors found in Task 4.1 and repeat the tests.Determine accurate efficiency gains4.33Determine the required controller gains which provide the most accurate results.ResourcesCompletion of Milestone 3Sufficient testing data provided by Fugr o RoamesMilestone Hazards and RisksThe lack of testing data used to complete this milestone, is a minor risk that could affect the project. Requesting said data ahead of time, would ensure that it is ready for when testing of the Receding Horizon Planner begins, leaving the project timeline unaffected.Milestone 5 Gimbal PrototypeMilestone 5 marks a key point in the project, as the implementation of the Receding Horizon Planner on a working prototype is essential to the projects success. The design of the prototype will be based on the actual gimbal rig owned and created by FugroRoames, to facilitate the implementation of the planner for gain ground testing, at the end of the project.TaskIDDays DescriptionEmbedded system design and build5.17Design, build and combine the mechanical, electrical, and software components of the prototype.Implementation ofReceding Horizon Planner5.26Test the Receding Horizon Planner using the gimbal prototype.Sensitivity Analysis5.35Identify and vary the dominant parameters, testing and improving the Receding Horizon Planner where possible.ResourcesCompletion of Milestone 4Mechanical, electrical and software design softwareWorking space and necessary build equipmentDevelopment of testing scenariosMilestone Hazards and RisksMilestone 5 introduces the use of practical equipment to design, test and build each component of the gimbal prototype. The misuse of the practical equipment, and the lack of component testing, are immediate risks to the completion of the prototype. Following the risk assessment outlines on Chapter 4, as well as completing the required testing before the Receding Horizon Planner is implemented, can help mitigate the risks described and prevent possible delays.Milestone 6 Assessment of Projects AssumptionsAs previously shown by Dr. Kearney, on the initial report he completed for Fugr-Roames, the introduction of the Receding Horizon Planner required changes to the initial assumptions made when designing the project s photograph allocation and gimbal control algorithms.The change and/or the addition of assumptions, by analysing the projects abstracted parameters is, therefore, also essential when validating the results obtained in Milestone5.TaskIDDays DescriptionIdentify missing parameters6.12Determine the projects missing parameters based on the assumptions made by Dr.Kearney on his report.Evaluate the effects of missing parameters6.23Assess how the model is affected by each missing parameter.Update the projects assumptions6.32Compose a list of updated assumptions based on the results from tasks 6.1 and 6.2, to be used on further work.ResourcesCompletion of the Sensitivity Analysis Task within Milestone 5Milestone Hazards and RisksThe risks to Milestone 6 are relatively small, where the largest possible problem involves the inability to expose the effects of the projects missing parameters. Keeping a record of all parameter changes/assumptions made during previous tests is the best solution to mitigate/prevent this issue.Milestone 7 Project Evaluation and Recommendation for Future WorkIdentifying the projects limitations is an important process, as it allows recommendations for future work to be made and included on the final thesis report.TaskIDDays DescriptionIdentify projects limitations7.13 List the projects limitations, based on the results from Task 6.Develop accurate recommendations7.23 Expand on previous work and results from Tasks 6.1 to 6.3, including 7.1, to develop accurate recommendations for future work.ResourcesDevelopment of the Receding Horizon PlannerSensitivity analysis of the gimbal prototypeCompletion of Milestone 6Milestone Hazards and RisksThe completion of Milestone 7 is only affected by the work done in previous milestones. If previous tasks are delayed, any future recommendations authorise the risk of not being completed.To prevent this from affecting the final stages of the project, the plan/timeline outlined should always be followed, noti ng wher

Procter Gamble: Business Model

Procter jeopardize Business ModelBusiness level strategy Procter and gamble (Strategies and recommendations)Executive SummaryWilliam Procter and James happen founded Procter and Gamble in the year of 1837, and started working as a candle and soap maker. It is a consumer goods manufacturing company whose slogan is amend lives and moving towards betterment with time. Unique Selling Preposition of Procter Gamble is our one product is equal to one vaccinum towards the betterment of consumers. It sells the products in ofttimes(prenominal) than 180 countries around the globe. It has also undertaken a number of scars, one of them are Revlon. The product being offered by Procter Gamble are health care, grooming, beauty, home care and fabric, family and baby care, pet care and snacks. Some of the companys items bring in a profit of $1 billion each year and some around $50 million annu totallyy. Procter Gamble is on maturity stage and say-so competitors are Unilever, LOreal. It is facing fierce competition by competitors. Since it is one of the most growing companies, it has captured thousands of minds all over the world. It operates in countries like China, Hong Kong, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, get together States, United Kingdom, Australia, India, Indonesia etc. the strategies of Procter Gamble in order to sustain its goodwill and profitability in the market are availability of its products, concentration on growing opportunities, evolving to a greater extent products, concentrating on most strong and profitable markets, devoting and dedication towards research and development etc. products being offered by the company are Ariel, Tide, Vicks, Crest Tooth Paste, Gillette products, Head lift shampoo, Olay, Oral-B, Pantene, Always, Bounce, Herbal Essence, Ivory soap, Gain, Whisper, Mr. Clean, Puffs tissues, Safeguard soaps etc.OVERVIEW OF OFFERINGS AND CUSTOMER SEGMENTS OF THE COMPANY PROCTER AND GAMBLEProcter and Gamble is an American based comp any, known as PG mostly, is one of the largest and leading multinational consumer goods and manufacturing company which operates all over the world (Ranker, 2015) since 1837 till Today and offering jobs to the millions of people from all around the world (PG, 2015). Procter Gamble was founded and named on William Procter and James Gamble. It deals with sixfold natures of products such as hair care products, personal care products including cosmetics (Nguyen, 2013), tissues, odor control products, home care products such as detergent and much more (PG, 2014). Company says We are in the business of making life better every day, our each packet is equal to each vaccine towards the betterment and sweetening (PG, 2014) and it is working firmly on that. Millions and billions of guests uses PGs products which satisfies their needs and demand they like it to be (PG, 2014).Multiple of brands are associated with this company whose profitability touches more that $1 one million million million each year (PG, 2015). Some of those star brands are Ariel, Tide, Vicks, Crest Tooth Paste, Gillette products, Head Shoulder shampoo, Olay, Oral-B, Pantene (PG, 2014), Always, Bounce, Herbal Essence (Forbes, 2014), Ivory soap, Gain, Whisper, Mr. Clean, Puffs tissues, Safeguard soaps which earns net profit of Billions of US Dollars every twelve months (PG, 2014).Procter and Gamble serves more than 180 countries and 6.5 million customers across the globe (PG, 2014). It operates in Asia (Japan, China, Hong Kong, Korea, New Zealand, India, Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Singapore, Australia, Pakistan, Turkey, and Bangladesh etc) (PG, 2015), Latin America, North America and Western Europe. It has its tip quarters in Singapore for Asian region (Lafley, 2008).Critical discussion And Strategies of Procter and GambleOne of the most important and say efficient strategy of Procter Gamble is availability of its products (Global-Operations, n.d.). Products manufact ured by this company are highly available worldwide and are being offered and sold on convenience stores, super markets, hotels, motels, retailers, wholesalers, medicine stores and intermediaries (MIT, 2015). The product availability of the company gives it an edge and makes it far superior that its competitors like Unilevers etc (SlideShare, 2015). Consumers get products intimately and effortlessly when they are in need of a vaccine to make their life better (Favaro, 2013). The availability and accessibility of the specific products makes it brand brawny and hefty (PG, 2015). This in turns makes customer loyalty towards the brand much bonnet and muscular with time and targeted customers start trusting the brand, and same is the case with Procter Gamble (PG, 2015). Supply chain of the brand is as strong as it needs to be in order to give in a supremacyful chain management (Favaro, 2013).Likewise many other competitors of the brand, PG a further strategy is search and Developm ent (Riley, 2014). Brand devote approximately $2 billion each year on its RD department contains 8000 employees around the world (Ng, 2015). In spite of having 8000 employees in its RD department, company somehow failed to initiate a further brand successfully (Nisen, 2013). Hence, it faced intricacy regarding the department. One of the professors, named Charles Fine suggested the company to tolerate a idea on the world as innovation lab (SlideShare, 2012). Subsequently they start sourcing innovation through valued supply chain network as they deals the customer on one on one basis because of which they are rich on the draw coverings as well as the complains for products (MODE, 2015). This step resulted in innovation success rate three times than it was before.To take advantage of the advice, PG also launched its own website which motivates and welcomes innovations as well as feedback by the targeted customers, shareholders, stakeholders, partners and general public for further en hancement of the products (Khosla Sawhney, 2014).A nonher significant strategy being applied by Procter Gamble as an efficient and effective peckerwood is change management (GCI, 2014). The company observes and on the blink of an eye takes action to bring up the change and exploit the opportunity to rival consumers expectation on the very first move into (Neff, 2014). As competition is growing faster and fastest, very next moment involves business bodies in the shock of sudden and significant change. PG is a brand, who knows splendidly approximately their vision (Tode, 2014). Company takes change management as its one of the most crucial and unavoidable manner (Lafley, 2014).Nobody cares how much you know, until they know how much you care, verbalise by Theodore Roosevelt (Forbes, 2012). Famous saying that is being followed by PG as it should be as it focuses and devotes more of its attention and care to the products who works as stars in portfolio and because of which perfe ct corporation is enjoying free lunches, such as US market is strongest market being targeted by PG (SlideShare, 2012) and they are continuously treating it as focal point with jam-packed reverence and dedication in order to make it strongest (PG, 2014). Before finishing the strategy, I more point to be mentioned is Procter Gambles strategy is concentrating on improving operations, at least better than competitors (SlideShare, 2013). This is one of the rich ways to win customers trust and loyalty towards the brand (PG, 2014).When introducing to one more line of attack of Procter Gamble, it is substantial to say that to uphold and retain its brand image it is all about captivating trust and confidence from the targeted segment of market (Pakistan-Business-Journal, 2015). At the end of the day, all the steps, strategies, planning, developing and designing starting from a scratch is followed by a reason of winning trust and loyalty from customers because when nothing else seems to be helpful, this tactic does and it is not a piece of cake to get ones trust. It takes abundant of efforts and plentiful of care, since one slip can destroy the whole.One more strategy being introduced recently by Procter Gamble is Connect+Develop. In this age of advancement, where the whole of the universe has become a global village, the connection is demand for any company to float up in the lively market with its loyal consumers. However, in this social age, in which each and every individual is acculturation has made us little more aware about our surroundings and circumstances taking place in this village (PG, 2015).Bruce Brown, Chief Technology ships officer said this strategy has helped us to deliver a number of successful and leading innovations which has accelerated the growth of Procter Gamble critically. The company is by clasp or by crook managing to uphold this strategy and harbor its prospering innovation rate.Laura Becker, General Manager said that they wanted develop and connect themselves in order to deliver products that has a greater level of innovation such as Swiffer Dusters which has broken down the innovations for market place manipulation. Moreover, she also stated that a category of products will be made that changes marketplace, and attracts customers which claim that they require the companys products as they fulfill their requirement as per their wishes (PG, 2012).RECOMMENDATIONSIn order to maintain its position in the market, Procter Gamble should keep an eye on its most profitable brands and products to even polish them so that not any competitor would have been able to eradicate the demand of leading products. For example, Swiffer Dusters-a product introduced by PG which changed the direction of market trend so seriously.As market conditions and market trends are ever-changing so drastically these days, Procter Gamble should have a close look than its competitors to innovate and exploit opportunity from the changing tre nds of market. If brand to be a brand get successful innovations, it could have touch top position in the markets as well as in the sights of consumers, investors, shareholders, stockholders and regulating bodies.Creating a recommendation assimilation could aid to Procter Gamble for being more victorious and unbeaten company in the market. Motivating and encouraging culture could be proved as back bone behind the success of the brand.Managing change as soon as possible could also be proved as a strong tool behind the success. Since incorporating change in this unpredictable competing environment cold give support to the accomplishment of goals, reaching to the vision and creating win-win situation at the end of both, consumers and company. mitigate growth opportunities to the employees will in return adds to employees sincerity and dedication towards work. Employees, who are the core bodies of any organization, will work dedicatedly and devotedly for their organizations, this will result in better quality works and services to the organization.Quality assurance and image building could also prove to be helpful to capture the minds of targeted consumers. shoemakers lastProcter Gamble was founded by William Procter and James Gamble. It deals with multiple products such as hair care products, personal care products including cosmetics. Millions and billions of customers uses PGs products which satisfy their needs and demand. Procter and Gamble serves more than 180 countries and 6.5 million customers across the globe. One of the most important and efficient strategy of Procter Gamble was found to be its items availability. Consumers get products easily and effortlessly when they are in need of a vaccine. The availability and accessibility of the specific products makes it brand brawny and hefty. This in turns makes customer loyalty towards the brand much tough and muscular with time and targeted customers start trusting the brand, and same is the case with Pro cter Gamble. Supply chain of the brand is as strong as it needs to be in order to result in a successful chain management. The company observes and takes action to bring up change and exploit the opportunity to meet consumers expectation at instant. Company takes change management as its one of the most crucial and unavoidable manner.BibliographyFavaro, K., 2013. Does PG Need Product Innovation or Strategic Innovation?. Online ready(prenominal) at http//www.strategy-business.com/blog/Does-PG-Need-Product-Innovation-or-Strategic-Innovation?gko=b27ca Accessed 12 February 2015.Favaro, K., 2013. Does PG Need Product Innovation or Strategic Innovation?. Online in stock(predicate) at http//www.forbes.com/sites/boozandcompany/2013/07/12/does-pg-need-product-innovation-or-strategic-innovation/ Accessed 12 February 2015.Forbes, 2012. The Perfect Marketing Strategy for Soap, Soda, and Startups. Online uncommittedat http//www.forbes.com/sites/brianclark/2012/04/24/entreproducer/ Accessed 12 February 2015.Forbes, 2014. Procter Gamble. Online Available athttp//www.forbes.com/companies/procter-gamble/ Accessed 12 February 2015.GCI, 2014. The Strategy Behind PGs Divestments. Online Available athttp//www.gcimagazine.com/business/marketers/positioning/The-Strategy-Behind-PGs-Divestments-270370711.html Accessed 12 February 2015.Global-Operations, n.d.. Where We Operate. Online Available athttps//www.pg.com/en_US/downloads/media/Fact_Sheets_Operate.pdf Accessed 12 February 2015.Khosla, S. Sawhney, M., 2014. The wisdom of less How Procter Gamble can grow byshrinking. Online Available at http//fortune.com/2014/08/07/why-pg-can-grow-by-shrinking/ Accessed 12 February 2015.Lafley, A., 2008. PGs Innovation Culture. Innovation, Volume 52, pp. 1-8.Lafley, A., 2014. The wisdom of less How Procter Gamble can grow by shrinking. OnlineAvailable at http//fortune.com/2014/08/07/why-pg-can-grow-by-shrinking/ Accessed 12 February 2015.MIT, 2015. Bringing treat innovation and creativity into operations. Online Available athttp//executive.mit.edu/blog/bringing-process-innovation-and-creativity-into-operations.VNxMLfmUeI9 Accessed 12 February 2015.MODE, 2015. Care Quotes. Online Available athttp//www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/care.html Accessed 12 February 2015.Neff, J., 2014. As PG Looks to Cut More Than Half Its Brands, Which Should Go?. OnlineAvailable at http//adage.com/article/cmo-strategy/p-g-s-big-questions/294443/ Accessed 12 February 2015.Ng, A., 2015. PG Company Strategies and Challenges. Online Available athttp//www.academia.edu/5826081/P_and_G_Company_Strategies_and_Challenges Accessed 12 February 2015.Nguyen, L., 2013. Copy of PG STRATEGIC ANALYSIS. Online Available athttps//prezi.com/r79dnp1uyg_d/copy-of-pg-strategic-analysis/ Accessed 12 February 2015.Nisen, M., 2013. PGs Ex-CEO Used A 5-Step Formula To Make Billion Dollar Decisions.Online Available at http//www.businessinsider.com/the-5-step-strategy-prcoess-2013-2 Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2012. PG Names New C+D Leader, Aims Acceleration of Open Innovation Work.Online Available at http//news.pg.com/press-release/pg-corporate-announcements/pg-names-new-cd-leader-aims-acceleration-open-innovation-wo Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2014. Committed to responsible operations. Online Available athttp//www.pg.com/en_US/sustainability/policies_practices/index.shtml Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2014. Committed to responsible operations. Online Available athttp//www.pg.com/en_US/sustainability/policies_practices/index.shtml Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2014. Leadership Brands. Online Available athttp//www.pg.com/en_US/brands/index.shtml Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2014. PG EVERYDAY. Online Available at http//www.pg.com/en_US/ Accessed 12February 2015.PG, 2014. PG Sets Four New Sustainability Goals Revises Existing Goals. OnlineAvailable at http//www.pg.com/en_US/sustainability/index.shtml Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2014. PG Story of Innovation. Online Available athttp//www .pg.com/en_US/company/heritage.shtml Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2014. Strength in Structure. Online Available athttp//www.pg.com/en_US/company/global_structure_operations/corporate_structure. shtml Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2014. The Power of Purpose. Online Available athttp//www.pg.com/en_US/company/purpose_people/ Accessed 12 February, 2015.PG, 2015. Always LikeAGirl Sparks Social Movement During A-one Bowl XLIX and Beyond.Online Available at http//news.pg.com/blog/likeagirl/SB49 Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2015. Company Strategy. Online Available athttp//www.pginvestor.com/GenPage.aspx?IID=4004124GKP=208821 Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2015. Company Strategy. Online Available athttp//www.pginvestor.com/GenPage.aspx?IID=4004124GKP=208821 Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2015. PG Moments. Online Available athttp//www.pg.com/en_balkans/company/heritage.shtml Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2015. PG Views Company Strategy. Online Available athttp//news.pg.com/pg_views_company_s trategy Accessed 12 February 2015.PG, 2015. The Power of Purpose. Online Available athttp//www.pg.com/en_balkans/company/purpose_people/index.shtml Accessed 12 February 2015.Pakistan-Business-Journal, 2015. Procter Gamble Pakistan (pvt) Ltd.. Online Available athttp//www.pakistanbusinessjournal.com/b2b-directory/procter-gamble-pakistan-pvt-ltd_28081.html Accessed 12 February 2015.Ranker, 2015. All Procter Gamble Brands. Online Available athttp//www.ranker.com/list/all-procter-and-gamble-brands/werner-brandes Accessed 12 February 2015.Riley, J., 2014. Marketing Strategy PG Takes the Axe to its Brand Portfolio. OnlineAvailable at http//beta.tutor2u.net/business/blog/marketing-strategy-pg-takes-the-axe-to-its-brand-portfolio Accessed 12 February 2015.SlideShare, 2012. pg marketing strategies. Online Available athttp//www.slideshare.net/ritulakhotia/pg-marketing-strategies Accessed 12 February 2015.SlideShare, 2012. Procter Gamble Strategic Analysis. Online Available athttp//www.sli deshare.net/perdoch/pg-strategic-analysis Accessed 12 February 2015.SlideShare, 2013. PG. Online Available at http//www.slideshare.net/deeparosejacob/pg-29329959 Accessed 12 February 2015.SlideShare, 2015. Procter Gamble Strategic Analysis. 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The Effect Of Tourism On Peoples Lifestyle Tourism Essay

The Effect Of touristry On Peoples Lifestyle tourism EssayAccording, Gawler believed that touristry is effecting to economic and lifestyle of people in for each one area of touristry. Tourism has fears that is expanded to touristry and related to badly react or mass tourists. Anyway, tourism can be both positive and negative impacts on countries. Moreover, Mirbabayev and Shagazatova said that nowadays, tourism is the largest factor of economic. Tourism is evolving in economic activities. Various sectors of economy kick in affected from growing increase rates infrastructure development, foreign currency inflows, and new management. They can be contributed to the social and economic development in crowing part of the country.Also, Lehmann (2005) explained that there are three distinct parts direct, indirect, and induced in the total economic impact of travelers First, the direct impact is the value added of those sectors that act directly with the visitor. Second, the indirect impact is the benefit to suppliers to those direct sectors. Third, the induced impact adds the impact of tourism-generated wages as they are spent in economy.In addition, Rattanasuwongchai (1994) told that Tourism is the fastest growing industries and can generate guinea pig income in developing economies. Same as the other, Thailand has a tourism that is a major source of national income. Although tourism had some negative effects, it has covered all level. Otherwise, Sugiyarto, Blake, and Sinclair (2002) defined that tourism took place within a large context of the world economy. Besides, Sherpa (2006) said that tourism is a major economic activity providing livelihoods to poor people. Moreover, Bartsch (1998) said that Tourism conducted tourists visiting the village. They can get extra income and took advantage by offering try-on to tourists. Likewise, Khadka (1996) explained that International tourism is a fast growing in economic factors. It increased in national income.Mean while, Albqami (1997) said that Tourism had received more trouble in nowadays. Tourism stimulated to the economic growth. Similarly, Suntikul (2008) told that Tourism has a difficult problem. Tourism is accepting as the economic and societal importance of tourism activity. However, tourism has poorly managed within its economy, social, and environmental contexts. The meaning of the impacts of tourism cannot be properly assessed.Advantage of tourism impactAccording, Gawler (2001) believed that the advantages of tourism are economic development. Tourism is constituent to support communities, particularly in clownish areas. There are little dependences on urban centers and imports to sustain tourism activity as we called decentralised. Tourism development often brings a range of benefits to host communities. Improved infrastructure power, water, and telecommunications, services (banks, transport) and new investments, all serve to enhance the lifestyles of communities. Tourism can ma ke a sense of community pride in their location. Tourism can exchange for cultural between communities and visitors. Tourism creates regional identity both nationally and internationally. conservation area efforts and provides effective management of significant areas can get the fund for conservative and management. Tourism can promote the preservation.Otherwise, Mirbabayev and Shagazatova supported that Tourism can be both a source of international peace and understanding. Here are possible positive effects of tourism Tourism is developing positive attitudes towards each other culture and learning about each others culture and customs. Also, Tourism is reducing negative perceptions and stereotypes. Tourism is developing friendships and developing pride, appreciation, understanding, respect, and tolerance for each others culture. Finally, Tourism is increasing self-esteem of hosts and tourists.Similarly, Lehmann (2005) said that tourism consists of share of the retail, transportat ion, restaurant, lodging, and entertainment industries directly contribute to the travel sector. Tourism directly gave nearly $1.64 billion in palm tree Beach County on 2004.Meanwhile, Sugiyarto, Blake, and Sinclair (2002) defined that the levels of GDP and employment are increased by tourism growth. Trade, tax and balance of payment can increase by tourism activity.Additional, Albqami (1997) said that tourism industry is increased the industry will need to purchase more input in the economy to produce the additive output. These purchases will stimulate additional output.Disadvantage of tourism impactAccording to, Rattanasuwongchai (1994) told that a huge number of tourists exploit natural resources. Tourism has a heavily impact on the environment. In addition, tourism needs more infrastructures, transportation and other facilities which can cause environmental suffering. Tourism caused environmental pollution from valet de chambre waste, sewerage into water sources, and trash. Without strict regulations in land using, most hotel whitethorn invade the preservative areas. It can be cause of declining in participation in rural traditional.Similarly, Bartsch (1998) explained that Tourism in Ban Chaidee is does not replace any other activity, and agriculture which is still regarded by people as most all important(p) economic activity. Environmental damage and government policies have decreased the traditional resources of the villagers. The pollution caused by tourists, noise pollution late at night.Moreover, Khadka (1996) explained that Environmental and socio-cultural depletes may make tourism unsustainable. These factors can also be regional in their nature or impact.Otherwise, Sherpa (2006) said that tourists had a negative effect to loss of rural culture.In additional, Suntikul (2008) told that tourists took a critical the cultural in tourism practice, and the host culture. Tourism is introducing negative impacts to Luang Prabang.

Exile :: Literary Analysis, Julia Alvarez

The poetry Exile by Julia Alvarez dramatizes the conflicts of a young girls familys escape from an oppressive dictatorship in the Dominican Republic to the freedom of the United States. The setting of this poem starts in the city of Trujillo in the Dominican Republic, which was renamed for the brutal dictator Rafael Trujillo however, it eventually changes to New York when the family succeeds to escape. The utterer is a young girl who is unsophisticated to the world therefore, she does not know what is happening to her family, even though she surmises that something is wrong. The author uses an extended metaphor throughout the poem to compare swimming and escaping the Dominican Republic. Through the line A hurried bag, allowing one toy a piece, (13) it feels as if the family were exiled or forced to leave its country. The patronage of the poem Exile, informs the reader that there was no choice for the family but to leave the Dominican Republic, but certain words and phrases reitera te the title. In this poem, the utterer expresser her jot about fleeing her home and how isolated she feels in the United States. The poet uses four line stanzas or quatrains, and this is a narrative poem because the speaker tells a story. The speaker seems a little odd in a way because she does not know what is happening Worried whispers (6) is an alliteration, and it also symbolizes the speakers anxiety. Both her uncle and father do not tell the truth to the speaker, instead they Sugarcoat it. This is similar to Emily Dickinsons poem Tell all the truth but tell it slant because the children cleverness get scared if they learn the truth right away. In the line What a good time shell have learning to swim, (11) the poet again emphasizes how adults lie to children so they do not hurt them. The speaker feels as though her parents are lying to her however, she just trusts them because she believes that what adults do cannot go wrong. Also, A week at the bound so papi get some rest (15) sounds as if the speakers father has to leave the Dominican Republic because he is some kind of danger. The speaker struggles throughout the poem because she is leaving everything she has known behind, and she is going to a new land that she knows nothing about.

Sickle Cell Anemia: A Curse and a Blessing :: Disease Health Sickness Essays Papers

sickle jail carrel Anemia A Curse and a Blessingreap hook booth Anemia is a indisposition found right here in America, but in low levels comp a redness to some areas of the world. The rate for this disease is or so five times greater in certain places in Africa. That is because the potentially fatal disease Sickle Cell Anemia sack up also exert as a sort of inoculation for an opposite disease called malaria. First the mechanics of Sickle Cell Anemia will be discussed, then its practical benefits. Sickle Cell Anemia is an inherited condition. One gene for Sickle Cell Anemia must be inherited from each parent in order to have the disease. A mortal who receives a gene for Sickle Cell Anemia from one parent and a normal gene from the other has a condition called sickle cell trait. Sickle cell trait produces no symptoms or problems for most people. Sickle Cell Anemia can neither be contracted nor passed on to some other person. The severity of sickle cell disease varies g reatly. Some people with sickle cell disease lead lives that are nearly normal. Others are less fortunate, and can suffer from a variety of conditions. Sickle Cell Anemia is caused by a mixed bag in the chemical composition of the protein hemoglobin which is responsible for delivering atomic number 8 throughout our bodies. Normal hemoglobin is found as a round shape, and is composed of four proteins two important chains and two beta chains. The revision that causes Sickle Cell Anemia occurs when an amino acid called valine is substituted for glutamic acid in both of the beta chains. This change in the composure of hemoglobin causes the shape to change when under certain conditions. Two of these conditions are low oxygen and dehydration. The hemoglobin of a person with Sickle Cell Anemia then becomes elongated and curved, thus the name sickle cell. When this happens many problems can occur, primarily blood clotting which leads to a lack of oxygen in body tissues. Other negative affects of Sickle Cell Anemia are a weakened heart because it is constantly overworked. Also, bone marrow is affected and swot up become softer than usual. While there is no cure for Sickle Cell Anemia there is treatment. The primary goal is to reduce the frequency of the Sickle Cell Anemia crisis episodes and maintain enough red blood cells to keep body tissues healthy.Sickle Cell Anemia A Curse and a Blessing distemper Health Sickness Essays PapersSickle Cell Anemia A Curse and a BlessingSickle Cell Anemia is a disease found right here in America, but in low levels compared to some areas of the world. The rate for this disease is around five times greater in certain places in Africa. That is because the potentially fatal disease Sickle Cell Anemia can also work as a sort of vaccination for another disease called malaria. First the mechanics of Sickle Cell Anemia will be discussed, then its possible benefits. Sickle Cell Anemia is an inherited condition. One g ene for Sickle Cell Anemia must be inherited from each parent in order to have the disease. A person who receives a gene for Sickle Cell Anemia from one parent and a normal gene from the other has a condition called sickle cell trait. Sickle cell trait produces no symptoms or problems for most people. Sickle Cell Anemia can neither be contracted nor passed on to another person. The severity of sickle cell disease varies greatly. Some people with sickle cell disease lead lives that are nearly normal. Others are less fortunate, and can suffer from a variety of conditions. Sickle Cell Anemia is caused by a change in the chemical composition of the protein hemoglobin which is responsible for delivering oxygen throughout our bodies. Normal hemoglobin is found as a round shape, and is composed of four proteins two alpha chains and two beta chains. The change that causes Sickle Cell Anemia occurs when an amino acid called valine is substituted for glutamic acid in both of the beta cha ins. This change in the composure of hemoglobin causes the shape to change when under certain conditions. Two of these conditions are low oxygen and dehydration. The hemoglobin of a person with Sickle Cell Anemia then becomes elongated and curved, hence the name sickle cell. When this happens many problems can occur, primarily blood clotting which leads to a lack of oxygen in body tissues. Other negative affects of Sickle Cell Anemia are a weakened heart because it is constantly overworked. Also, bone marrow is affected and bones become softer than usual. While there is no cure for Sickle Cell Anemia there is treatment. The primary goal is to reduce the frequency of the Sickle Cell Anemia crisis episodes and maintain enough red blood cells to keep body tissues healthy.

Abraham Lincoln :: essays research papers

Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States. Born in a logcabin in the backwoods, Lincoln was almost entirely self-educated. In 1831 hesettled in New Salem, Ill., and worked as a storekeeper, surveyor, andpostmaster while studying law. The twaddle of his brief love affair there withAnne Rutledge is now discredited. In 1834 he was elected to the statelegislature, and in 1836 he became a lawyer. He served one verge (184749) inCongress as a Whig in 1855 he sought to become a senator but failed. In 1856 hejoined the new republican Party. He ran again in 1858 for the Senate againstStephen A. Douglas, and in a spirited campaign he and Douglas engaged in sevendebates. Lincoln was not an abolitionist, but he regarded slavery as an evil andopposed its extension. Although he lost the election, he had by now made a namefor himself, and in 1860 he was nominate by the Republicans for president. Heran against a divided Democratic party and was elected with a min ority of thepopular vote. To the South, Lincolns election was a signal for secession. By origin Day seven states had seceded, and four more seceded aft(prenominal) he issueda summons to the militia. It is generally agreed that Lincoln handled the vastproblems of the Civil War with acquirement and vigor. Besides conducting the war, hefaced opposition in the North from radical abolitionists, who considered him toomild, and from conservatives, who were gloomy over the prospects of success inthe war. His cabinet was rent by internal hatred, and the progress of the warwent against the North at first. In 1863 he moved to free the slaves by issuingthe Emancipation Proclamation, but preserving the Union re principal(prenominal)ed his main waraim. His thoughts on the war were beautifully expressed in the GettysburgAddress (1863). In 1864 Lincoln ran for reelection against George B. McClellanand won, partly because of the favorable turn of military affairs after his

Danger Underground: Nuclear Waste Disposal in Yucca Mountain Essay

Danger Underground Nuclear Waste Disposal in Yucca chawIntroductionThe U.S. Department of aught has proposed plans to deposit 70,000 tons of highly radioactive uncivilized underground Yucca Mountain in Nevada. While many environmental questions and concerns withstand been raised about the safety of the waste disposal plan for the next 10,000 years, there appears to be no alternative. Waste from nuclear weapons and nuclear power plants be a serious environmental problem that will be present for generations to come. It should be societys responsibility to come up with more efficient sources of energy, despite the costs, to disallow the production of more hazardous waste in the future.The nuclear age produced 52,000 tons of spent fuel from commercial, military, and research reactors, along with 91 million gallons of radioactive waste from plutonium processing (Long 12). More than 90% of the waste that needs to be stored is from commercial nuclear power plants, and 10% is from defe nse programs (Environmental Protection sanction/ Yucca Mtn. Standards). The waste from defense programs primarily accumulated during the arms race of the Cold War. Waste produced from commercial nuclear power plants is currently stored in 131 separate facilities in 43 different states, most of which are east of the Mississippi (Wheelwright 2002).Several government departments are responsible for taking care of all this waste. The Department of Energy (DOE) runs the nuclear facilities and supervises cleanup performed by commercial contractors. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for setting health and environmental waste standards for the long-term storage of waste produced by these facilities. The Department of Transportati... ... 2002.www.sacredland.org/yucca_mountain.htmlThe Yucca Mountain Project. 2002. Referenced on 7 October 2002. www.ymp.gov/U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. 2002. Referenced on 11 Nov. 2002. www. eren.doe.gov/RE/solar.htmlU.S. Environmental Protection Agency/ Yucca Mtn. Standards. 2002. Referenced on 7October 2002. www.epa.gov/radiation/yucca/about.htmWatson, Roland. Nevada Outraged by Eternal Dump for Nuclear Waste. The Times 24Sept. 2002 Newspaper Source. Palni localize Search. Goshen College Good Library. 7 Oct. 2002.Wheelright, Jeff. Once There Was A Mountain in the Desert of Nevada. Discover 23(Sept. 2002) 66-76. Academic Search Elite. Palni Site Search. Goshen College Good Library. 3 Nov.2002.Why Not Yucca Mountain? 2002. Referenced on 7 October 2002. www.nvantinuclear.org/